When you type in a command at your terminal, the shell interprets the command and calls the program that you want. Shell − The shell is the utility that processes your requests. It interacts with the hardware and most of the tasks like memory management, task scheduling and file management. Kernel − The kernel is the heart of the operating system. The main concept that unites all the versions of Unix is the following four basics − Here is a basic block diagram of a Unix system − Several people can use a Unix computer at the same time hence Unix is called a multiuser system.Ī user can also run multiple programs at the same time hence Unix is a multitasking environment. Linux is also a flavor of Unix which is freely available. Solaris Unix, AIX, HP Unix and BSD are a few examples. There are various Unix variants available in the market. Unix was originally developed in 1969 by a group of AT&T employees Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie, Douglas McIlroy, and Joe Ossanna at Bell Labs. The shell is a command line interpreter it translates commands entered by the user and converts them into a language that is understood by the kernel. Users communicate with the kernel through a program known as the shell. The computer programs that allocate the system resources and coordinate all the details of the computer's internals is called the operating system or the kernel. The Unix operating system is a set of programs that act as a link between the computer and the user.
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